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This medication serves as a moisturizer designed to treat or prevent a variety of skin issues like dry, rough, scaly, or itchy skin, as well as minor irritations such as diaper rash or skin burns from radiation therapy. Emollients, the active ingredients in these products, work by softening and moisturizing the skin, reducing itchiness and flakiness. Some, like zinc oxide and white petrolatum, primarily act to shield the skin from irritation, often due to moisture. Dry skin typically results from a lack of moisture in the upper skin layer. Emollients and moisturizers address this by creating an oily barrier on the skin's surface to lock in moisture. Common emollients include petrolatum, lanolin, mineral oil, and dimethicone. Additionally, humectants such as glycerin, lecithin, and propylene glycol help draw moisture into the skin's outer layer. These products may also contain ingredients that soften keratin, a substance that binds the skin's surface cells, such as urea and alpha hydroxy acids like lactic, citric, or glycolic acid, along with allantoin. This process aids in the removal of dead skin cells, enhances the skin's moisture retention, and leaves it feeling smoother and softer.